How to Keep Your Chickens Happy, Healthy & Productive
1. Provide the Proper Feed for Your Chickens
This is an area of keeping chickens that you cannot skimp on. Providing improper feed can make your flock unhealthy and less productive. For optimum egg laying, chickens need to be fed a nutritionally balanced feed for their age.
Depending upon a chickens age, its calcium and protein requirements vary quite a bit. This is why they sell chicken feed as “chick starter,” which provides increased protein and “layers crumbles” or “layers pellets” which provides increased calcium.
2. Provide Enough Food and Water for Your Chickens
Use the Chicken Feed Calculator below to determine how many cups of feed you should be offering your flock daily.
Chicken Feed Calculator
| Number of Chickens | Amount of Feed Needed (cups) |
|---|---|
| 0 cups |
| #CHICKENS | HOW MUCH FEED/DAY | HOW MUCH WATER/DAY AVERAGE DAY/HOT DAY |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1/4 LB | 1 PINT (2 CUPS)/ 2 PINTS (4 CUPS) |
| 4 | 1 LB | 1/2 GALLON / 1 GALLON |
| 6 | 1 1/2 LBS | 3/4 GALLON/ 1.5 GALLONS |
| 8 | 2 LBS | 1 GALLON/ 2 GALLONS |
| 12 | 3 LBS | 1.5 GALLONS/ 3 GALLONS |
This is an area of keeping chickens that you cannot skimp on. Providing improper feed can make your flock unhealthy and less productive. For optimum egg laying, chickens need to be fed a nutritionally balanced feed for their age.
Depending upon a chickens age, its calcium and protein requirements vary quite a bit. This is why they sell chicken feed as “chick starter,” which provides increased protein and “layers crumbles” or “layers pellets” which provides increased calcium.
Chickens can have “treats” such as various types of table scraps, but it should be fed in moderation and only after they have had their regular feed for the day.
Use the Chicken Table Scraps Calculator below to see the maximum amount of table scraps that you can safely offer your chickens each day.
Chicken Table Scraps Calculator
| Number of Chickens | Maximum Amount of Table Scraps/Day (TBS) | Equivalent (Cups) |
|---|---|---|
| 0 TBS | 0 cups |
A chicken will be happy eating treats all day, but it isn’t healthy for them and it will decrease egg production. Feeding the improper feed will also lead to all kinds of medical issues, including obesity, high blood pressure, heart attack and stroke.
Use the Chicken Daily Water Requirement Calculator below to see the MINIMUM amount of water you should be offering your flock.
Chicken Daily Water Needs Calculator
| Number of Chickens | Water Needed (Quarts) | Water Needed (Gallons) | Water Needed in Hot Weather (Quarts) | Water Needed in Hot Weather (Gallons) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 quarts | 0 gallons | 0 quarts | 0 gallons |
Keep in mind that your chickens will drink up to twice as much water during extreme heat.
I always make it a point to replenish my flocks water during the hot summer days. 1/ way through the day I dump their water into my garden and give them fresh, cool water.
3. Provide Enough Space for Your Chickens
It is important to have both enough space inside the chicken coop, where they roost at night, and also a large enough chicken run that they can get the exercise that they need to stay happy and healthy.
Chicken Coop Size Calculator
| Number of Chickens | Minimum Coop Size (Square Feet) |
|---|---|
| 0 sq ft |
Chicken Run Space Calculator
| Number of Chickens | Minimum Chicken Run Space (Square Feet) |
|---|---|
| 0 sq ft |
How much space do chickens need?
| #CHICKENS | MINIMUM SQ FT IN RUN | MINIMUM SQ FT IN COOP |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 20 SQ FT or 5′ X 4′ | 4 SQ FT or 2′ x’2′ |
| 4 | 40 SQ FT or 10′ X 4′ | 8 SQ FT or 2′ x 4′ |
| 6 | 60 SQ FT or 10′ X 6′ | 12 SQ FT or 3′ x 4′ |
| 8 | 80 SQ FT or 10′ X 8′ | 16 SQ FT or 4′ x 4′ |
| 10 | 100 SQ FT or 10′ X 10′ | 20 SQ FT or 4′ x 5′ |
To see what the recommended amount of roosting space for the size of your flock, enter the number of chickens you have in the Roosting Space Calculator below.
Roosting Bar Calculator
| Number of Chickens | Feet of Roosting Bars Needed |
|---|---|
| 0 ft |
4. Eliminate Stress in Your Chickens Environment
Stressors of any sort not only will make a chicken unhappy, but it will also lead to a drop in egg production and predispose them to developing health issues.
Cooling Herbs for Chickens Beat the HEAT!
- INGREDIENTS: PEPPERMINT, HIBISCUS, LEMON BALM, CHAMOMILE, ROSE PETALS/BUDS
- Helps to lower chicken core body temperature.
- Improves Chicken Health and Well Being
- Releases muscle tension.
- Helps to calm chicken during stressful events(such as excessive heat).
What are some triggers of stress in your chickens environment?
| 1 | EXTREME HEAT IN CHICKENS | |
| | | |
| 2 | EXTREME COLD IN CHICKENS | |
| | | |
| 3 | LACK OF FOOD OR WATER | |
| | | |
| 4 | CHANGE IN FAMILIAR SURROUNDINGS | |
| | | |
| 5 | PREDATORS | |
| | | |
| 6 | ISOLATION | |
| | | |
| 7 | CRAMPED HOUSING | |
| | | |
| 8 | NOT BEING EXPOSED TO SUNSHINE | |
| | | |
| 9 | ILLNESS- PARASITES | |
| | | |
| 10 | INJURY | |
| | | |
| 11 | BEING BULLIED | |
| | | |
| 12 | BROODING, RAISING CHICKS | |
| | | |
| 13 | MOLTING | |
5. Provide a Clean Chicken Coop for Your Chickens
“To decrease the chance of spreading harmful bacteria, spores and viruses, get on a good coop cleaning maintenance schedule. Don’t let excessive droppings build up and if the coop floor gets wet, it’s time to change the bedding material. Bacteria thrive in warm, moist environments.“
Can Cleaning a Chicken Coop Make You Sick? (9 Tips)
Dirty chicken coops are more likely to also breed parasites, which are easily passed onto your chickens. Chickens that are infested with mites, lice, fleas or other parasites can be miserable and most often decrease or stop laying eggs all together.
If it is difficult to find the time to clean out your chicken coop, consider using the Deep Litter Method. Using the deep litter method, you will only have to do a thorough cleaning 1-2 times a year.
How to Use the Deep Litter Method in a Chicken Coop(Easy Cleaning!)
- Start with adding 4-6 inches of large flake pine shavings to your coop floor.
- Over time this will decompose as your chickens poop and turn the bedding.
- Over the next several months continuously add more bedding to maintain the 4-6 inch depth.
- You do not need to turn the bedding. Your chickens will do the work for you!
- Deep litter method generates heat. So it helps to keep the chickens warmer at night when they are roosting.
- Plan to clean the chicken coop in the Spring, when the weather begins to start warming up again.
6. Have the Proper Nesting Box Setup
Increases egg laying naturally.
- Improves chicken health.
- Deters parasites: mites, lice, fleas, flies & rodents.
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Nesting Box Location: Hens like to lay eggs in an area that is dark and doesn’t have a lot of noise or foot traffic by it.
Nesting Box Size: The ideal nesting box size for the average size hen is 12″ x 12″, slightly bigger for larger breeds and smaller for the bantam breeds. You will notice that if you provide too large of a nesting box, more than one hen will try to lay at the same time in there. This can even happen if the nesting box is the right size. They are just like kids and all seem to want to lay in the same box and have a difficult time waiting for their turn!
| HEN SIZE | NESTING BOX SIZE |
|---|---|
| AVERAGE SIZE HENS | 12″ X 12″ |
| LARGER BREEDS: GIANT COCHINS, ORPINGTONS | 12″ X 14″ |
| BANTAM HENS | 12″ X 10″ |
Nesting Material: Hens prefer a nice soft, clean place to lay eggs. So, if you want to encourage your hens to lay, add pine shavings, straw or hay and make sure it stays clean at all times.
Number of Nesting Boxes: The general rule of thumb is to provide 1 nesting box for every 4-5 laying hens. It is a common practice for hens to have a favorite place to lay their eggs. Sometimes they will all squabble for the one in the nesting box to hurry up. Impatient hens will just pile up on top of each other.
Use the Nesting Box Number Calculator below to see what the recommended amount of nesting boxes is for your size flock of laying hens.
Nesting Box Calculator
| Number of Hens | Number of Nesting Boxes Needed |
|---|---|
| 0 |
| # LAYING HENS | # NESTING BOXES |
|---|---|
| 1-4 | 1  |
| 5-8 | 2 |
| 9-12 | 3 |
| 13-16 | 4 |
| 17-20 | 5 |
| 21-24 | 6 |
| 25-28 | 7 |
| 29-32 | 8 |
7. Provide Nesting Box Herbs to Boost Egg Production
Increases egg laying naturally.
- Improves chicken health.
- Deters parasites: mites, lice, fleas, flies & rodents.
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Consider using natural herbs to help improve your flock health, happiness and egg production. They can be sprinkled into nesting boxes, chicken coops and in dust bathing areas.
| NESTING BOX HERB | EFFECT ON CHICKEN EGGS |
|---|---|
| 1. MARIGOLD | ⬆ EGG LAYING DEEPER ORANGE YOLKS ⬇ MONOUNSATURATED FAT ⬆ SATURATED FAT STRENGTHENS EGG SHELLS |
| 2. ROSEMARY | ⬆ EGG LAYING LARGER EGGS LARGER EGG YOLKS ⬇ TRIGLYCERIDES ⬇ LDL ⬆ HDL |
| 3. FENNEL | ⬆ EGG LAYING ⬇ TRIGLYCERIDES ⬇ CHOLESTEROL |
| 4. CHAMOMILE | ⬆ EGG LAYING ⬆ CALCIUM STRONGER EGG SHELLS |
| 5. PEPPERMINT | ⬆ EGG LAYING LARGER EGGS ⬇ CHOLESTEROL |
| 6. PARSLEY | ⬆ EGG LAYING THICKER EGG SHELLS HEALTHIER CHICKS |
| 7. MARJORAM | ⬆ EGG LAYING |
| 8. DANDELION LEAF | ⬆ EGG LAYING DEEP ORANGE YOLKS STRONGER EGG SHELLS |
| 9. LAVENDER | ⬆ EGG LAYING |
CONCLUSION: How to Raise Happy, Healthy & Productive Chickens
As a chicken owner, it is your responsibility to provide an environment that allows them to thrive. There are several things that you can begin doing right away.
- Provide a nutritionally balanced chicken feed for their age.
- Always allow them access to fresh, clean, cool water.
- Provide enough space for them to move around freely.
- Eliminate any stressors in your flocks environment(see the list above).
- Provide a clean and safe environment for your flock.
- Provide the proper number of nesting boxes that are the proper size and in a quiet, dark location.
- Use nesting box herbs to help improve your hens health, well-being and egg production.
By doing this, you are able to raise happy and healthy chickens. Happy and healthy chickens will reward you by providing you with an abundance of farm fresh eggs!
Read 10 Best Tips- How to Raise Healthy Chickens for more great tips and additional calculators to tailor your setup to the size of YOUR flock.
